| Gebrakan Kedua Mobil Ekologis |
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Inovasi mobil bermesin ramah lingkungan berkembang pesat. Toyota tampil menjadi pemain utama. Inovasi mobil bermesin ramah lingkungan berkembang pesat. Toyota tampil menjadi pemain utama.
Toyota Motor Corporation, diajang Tokyo Motor Show 2003, 24 Oktober - 5 November lalu. Pada awal pelunucurannya tahun 1997, banyak produsen mobil lain melecehkan. Mereka mempertanyakan laba yang mungkin diteguk dengan memproduksi mobil hybrid. Namun, ketika Prius generasi pertama memasuki kawasan Amerika Utara pada tahun 2000, Publik "negeri Paman Sam" jatuh hati pada Prius. Sepanjang 2002, angka penjualan Prius mnecapai 6.698 unit. Kini, jika ditotal sejak diluncurkan tahun 1997 hingga Desember 2002, jumlahnya dijalanan kota-kota Jepang mencapai 63.431 unit. Angka itu cukup fantastis untuk mobil baru berkonsep ramah lingkungan. Sedangkan jumlahnya diseluruh dunia sampai akhir 2002 total mencapai 117.688 unit. Berbekal sukses tersebut, pusat teknologi, rekayasa, dan pengembangan desain Toyota di Toyota City kawasan Aichi, sebelah timur NAgoya, pada awal Oktober lalu melansir Prius generasi kedua. Dalam sepekan, pembeli yang masuk daftar inden didealer-dealer mencapai 1300 lebih. Target Toyota untuk dua tahun kedepan adalah mencapai target penjualan 300.000 unit. Angka itu tampaknya bakal mudah dilalui. Sebab, begitu dilansir, Prius 2004 langsung diminati. Prius 2004 lansiran terbaru lebih panjang 12 cm. Bagian belakangnya bermodel hatchback. Performa dan efisiensi mesinnya juga maju pesat, sampai 30% dari Prius generasi sebelumnya. Untuk mencapai kecepatan 100 km per jam, hanya butuh 10 detik. Konsumsi bensinya cukup satu liter untuk jarak tempuh 26 km didalam kota dan 22 km keluar kota. Dengan tangki terisi penuh, Prius bisa dibawa sejauh 1000 km lebih tanpa takut harus kehabisan bahan bakar di tengah jalan. Trend penggunaan mobil beremisi rendah di Jepang memng menunjukkan perkembangan. hal ini sejalan dengan ambisi Jepang untuk menurunkan emisi gas buang transportasi dari sebelumnya 20% menjadi 6% total emisi karbon dioksida di udara. Dalam ajang Tokyo Motor Show, selain Prius, Toyota juga memamerkan dua mobil hybrid berpenumpang 7-8 orang yakni Estime dan Alphard. Diikuti oleh Daihatsu dengan Move FCV-K-2 yang berbasis fuel cell hasil inovasi Toyota. Bersliwerannya mobil hybrid dan fuel cell dijalanan luar negeri tampaknya masih sulit dinikmati publik Tanah Air. PT Toyota Astra Motor (TAM) belum bisa memastikan kapan mobil itu bisa masuk. Menurut Hendrayadi Lastiyoso, Manager Komunikasi PT.TAM, ada beberapa faktor yang menghambat mobil jenis hybrid dan fuel cell masuk. Pertama soal harga. "Mobil canggih ramah lingkungan yang dari sono-nya memang mahal itu bakal kalah berkompetisi dengan mobil bensin yang harganya miring," kata Hendrayadi. Apalagi konsumen harus dibebani pajak yang tinggi. Soal kedua, efisiensi bahan bakar yang bisa diraih tak sebanding dengan harga mobil dan perawatan yang bakal mahal. Ketiga, emisi gas buang yang rendah tak banyak berarti, karena regulasi pengaturan emisi kendaraan berstandar Euro2 baru efektif per 1 januari 2005. Toh, menurut Hendrayadi, kalau ada konsumen Indonesia yang berani membawa mobil hybrid dengan cara impor, pihak TAM tetap akan menerima layanan service dan order suku cadangnya.
Sumber : GATRA No.51 TAHUN IX
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